Guides For Different Classes Of Fires

Fires are divided into five main types of fires based on what fuels them. Each class presents unique fire risks and requires a specific type of extinguisher to control it safely. Here’s a breakdown of each fire class and how to handle it effectively:

Class A – Fires involving ordinary combustibles
These fires involve paper wood, cloth, and some plastics—materials found in almost every home and office. They are among the most common fire risks, and water-based extinguishers like water mist or foam are typically effective. Always ensure the fire is fully extinguished to prevent re-ignition.

Class B – Fires involving flammable liquids
This category includes flammable liquids such as gasoline, oil, alcohol, and oil-based paints. These fires involve flammable substances that can spread rapidly and should never be extinguished with water, as it may cause the flames to spread. Use foam, CO2 fire extinguishers, or dry powder designed for liquid fuels.

Class C – Electrical fires
Caused by energized electrical equipment such as wiring, panels, or appliances, Class C electrical fires are particularly dangerous. Never use water, as it can conduct electricity and cause electrocution. Instead, use CO2 fire extinguishers or dry powder, which are non-conductive and safe for use on Class C fires.

Class D – Fires involving combustible metals
These fires occur with combustible metals like magnesium, titanium, sodium, or lithium, often found in construction sites, manufacturing facilities, and laboratories. Water and standard extinguishers can cause violent reactions. Only dry powder designed for burning metals should be used.

Class K – Fires involving cooking oils and fats
Common in commercial kitchens, restaurants, and food trucks, these fires result from overheated oils or animal fats. Using water can cause explosive flare-ups. Wet chemical extinguishers are specially formulated to cool the oil and create a soapy layer that prevents re-ignition.